---
title: But Gerard comforted him, saying, "It is not for a brave knight to c… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: But Gerard comforted him, saying, "It is not for a brave knight to complain. Who acts: Gerard, doubtless. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 40

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But Gerard comforted him, saying, "It is not for a brave knight to complain.

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**Who acts:** Gerard, doubtless · **What happens:** comfort, say, not be, complain · **To what, where:** water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerard, doubtless), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:19:40
# text = But Gerard comforted him, saying, "It is not for a brave knight to complain.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Gerard	Gerard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comforted	comfort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	complain	complain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comfort** | past | Gerard | water |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Gerard *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | present | doubtless |  |  |  |  | for a brave knight | tree rules |
| 4 | **complain** *speech: other* *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Gerard *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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