---
title: This dwelling stood on a black rock, altogether surrounded by the se… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: This dwelling stood on a black rock, altogether surrounded by the sea, and near to it was a garden of which the flowers and fruits never failed. Who acts: dwelling, flowers. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 84

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This dwelling stood on a black rock, altogether surrounded by the sea, and near to it was a garden of which the flowers and fruits never failed.

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**Who acts:** dwelling, flowers · **What happens:** stand, surround, be, not fail · **To what, where:** black rock

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dwelling, flowers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:19:84
# text = This dwelling stood on a black rock, altogether surrounded by the sea, and near to it was a garden of which the flowers and fruits never failed.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	surrounded	surround	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	near	near	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
28	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | this dwelling |  |  | a black rock |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on rock=Location |
| 2 | **surround** | participle | this dwelling *not said here* |  |  |  |  | the sea *obl:agent*; altogether *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | dwelling |  |  |  |  | to a garden; near *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **fail** | past | the flowers and fruits |  |  |  |  | of a garden | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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