---
title: Now there is a certain knight in France whom I have long loved, Guy… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now there is a certain knight in France whom I have long loved, Guy of Burgundy by name, he is the goodliest man that ever I saw, and is of the kindred of Charlemagne and of Roland. Who acts: certain knight, I, Guy. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 96

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Now there is a certain knight in France whom I have long loved, Guy of Burgundy by name, he is the goodliest man that ever I saw, and is of the kindred of Charlemagne and of Roland.

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**Who acts:** certain knight, I, Guy · **What happens:** be, love, see · **To what, where:** certain knight, goodliest man

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain knight, I, Guy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:19:96
# text = Now there is a certain knight in France whom I have long loved, Guy of Burgundy by name, he is the goodliest man that ever I saw, and is of the kindred of Charlemagne and of Roland.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
13	loved	love	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	Guy	Guy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Burgundy	Burgundy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	goodliest	goodly	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	25	amod	_	_
25	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obj	_	_
27	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	29	advmod	_	_
28	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	kindred	kindred	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Charlemagne	Charlemagne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Roland	Roland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a certain knight in France |  |  | there | now |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **love** | present · perfect | I | a certain knight in France |  |  |  | by name; Guy of Burgundy *obj*; long *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Guy | the goodliest man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **see** | past | I | the goodliest man |  |  | ever |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 5 | **is** | present | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the kindred; of Charlemagne and Roland | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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