---
title: In due course the French knights came to the town of Aygremore, and… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: In due course the French knights came to the town of Aygremore, and having entered by the gate, came, a Saracen guiding them, to where the Admiral sat in the shade of a tree. Who acts: French knights, Saracen, Admiral. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred J
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of Floripas, sentence 1

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In due course the French knights came to the town of Aygremore, and having entered by the gate, came, a Saracen guiding them, to where the Admiral sat in the shade of a tree.

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**Who acts:** French knights, Saracen, Admiral · **What happens:** come, enter, guide, sit, shade · **To what, where:** due course, knights, shade, tree

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of Floripas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French knights, Saracen, Admiral), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:21:1
# text = In due course the French knights came to the town of Aygremore, and having entered by the gate, came, a Saracen guiding them, to where the Admiral sat in the shade of a tree.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Aygremore	Aygremore	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	aux	_	_
16	entered	enter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Saracen	Saracen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	guiding	guide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	32	advmod	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	Admiral	admiral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the French knights |  |  | due course |  | to the town of Aygremore | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to town=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **enter** | gerund · perfect | the French knights *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the gate | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **guide** | gerund | a Saracen | knights *= knight* |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 5 | **sit** | past | the Admiral |  |  | the shade of a tree |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location |
| 6 | **shade** |  |  | a tree |  |  |  |  | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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