--- title: Before he could make answer to the Duke there came the one King who… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: Before he could make answer to the Duke there came the one King who had escaped from the Frenchmen, and told him saying, "These are the same eight villains that slew the Kings; avenge yourself on them." Who acts: Admiral, one King, These, same eight villains. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/21/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [Of the Doings of Floripas](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/21/) / 8 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of Floripas, sentence 8 Before he could make answer to the Duke there came the one King who had escaped from the Frenchmen, and told him saying, "These are the same eight villains that slew the Kings; avenge yourself on them." **Who acts:** Admiral, one King, These, same eight villains · **What happens:** make, come, escape, tell, say, be · **To what, where:** answer, Frenchmen, Admiral, same eight villains, Kings, yourself · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of Floripas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Admiral, one King, These, same eight villains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:21:8 # text = Before he could make answer to the Duke there came the one King who had escaped from the Frenchmen, and told him saying, "These are the same eight villains that slew the Kings; avenge yourself on them." 1 Before before SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 5 answer answer NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 Duke Duke PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 9 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 10 expl _ _ 10 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 14 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 15 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 escaped escape VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 parataxis _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 Frenchmen Frenchman PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 16 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 23 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 iobj _ _ 24 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 22 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 26 " " PUNCT `` _ 32 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 27 These this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 32 nsubj _ _ 28 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 30 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 31 eight eight NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 villains villain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 ccomp _ _ 33 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 34 slew slay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 acl:relcl _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 Kings King PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 34 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 38 avenge avenge VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 39 yourself yourself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 38 obj _ _ 40 on on ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 43 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | could | Admiral | answer | | | | to the Duke | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Product | | 2 | **come** | past | | | | there | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **escape** | past · perfect | the one King | | | the Frenchmen | | who *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from frenchman=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | | | Admiral | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | These | the same eight villains | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **slay** *in a quote* | past | the same eight villains | the Kings | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Patient | | 8 | **avenge** *in a quote* | present | | yourself | | | | on villains *= villain* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/21/7/) - next →: [sentence 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/21/9/) - ↑ back to [Of the Doings of Floripas](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/21/)