---
title: Balan said, "Let them be for the present," and turning to Duke Nayme… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Balan said, "Let them be for the present," and turning to Duke Naymes, he said, "Finish now your message." Who acts: Balan, Duke. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of Floripas, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of Floripas, sentence 9

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Balan said, "Let them be for the present," and turning to Duke Naymes, he said, "Finish now your message."

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**Who acts:** Balan, Duke · **What happens:** say, let, be, turn, finish · **To what, where:** Balan, Duke, message · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of Floripas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Balan, Duke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:21:9
# text = Balan said, "Let them be for the present," and turning to Duke Naymes, he said, "Finish now your message."
1	Balan	Balan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	Naymes	Naymes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
24	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	advmod	_	_
25	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Balan |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | Balan |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** *in a quote* | infinitive | Balan *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the present | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **turn** | gerund | Balan *not said here* |  | Duke |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to duke=Result |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Duke |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **finish** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your message |  |  | now |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality message=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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