---
title: The Frenchmen did marvels of valour, but they could not stand agains… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Frenchmen did marvels of valour, but they could not stand against the multitude of their enemies, and were constrained to take refuge within the Tower. Who acts: Frenchmen, valour. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of the F
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of the French Knights, sentence 110

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The Frenchmen did marvels of valour, but they could not stand against the multitude of their enemies, and were constrained to take refuge within the Tower.

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**Who acts:** Frenchmen, valour · **What happens:** do, not stand, constrain, take, marvel · **To what, where:** marvels, multitude, refuge

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of the French Knights. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Frenchmen, valour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:22:110
# text = The Frenchmen did marvels of valour, but they could not stand against the multitude of their enemies, and were constrained to take refuge within the Tower.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Frenchmen	Frenchman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	marvels	marvel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	valour	valour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
13	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	constrained	constrain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	refuge	refuge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	within	within	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Tower	Tower	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | the Frenchmen | marvels of valour |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marvel=Eventuality |
| 2 | **not** **stand** | could | Frenchmen *= frenchman* |  |  | the multitude of Frenchmen's enemies |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against multitude=Location |
| 3 | **constrain** | past · passive | the Frenchmen *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP S\_INF»: clause=Goal |
| 4 | **take** | to-infinitive | the Frenchmen *not said here* | refuge |  |  |  | within the Tower | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refuge=Theme |
| 5 | **marvel** |  | valour |  |  |  |  |  | nom marvel «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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