--- title: He said, "Is it true, as I have heard, that Fierabras, your son, who… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: He said, "Is it true, as I have heard, that Fierabras, your son, who was the very best knight in the whole world, has been overcome and taken prisoner?" " Who acts: Admiral, chieftain, son. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/22/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [Of the Doings of the French Knights](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/22/) / 2 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of the French Knights, sentence 2 He said, "Is it true, as I have heard, that Fierabras, your son, who was the very best knight in the whole world, has been overcome and taken prisoner?" " **Who acts:** Admiral, chieftain, son · **What happens:** say, be, hear, overcome, take · **To what, where:** best knight, whole world, Fierabras, prisoner · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of the French Knights. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Admiral, chieftain, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:22:2 # text = He said, "Is it true, as I have heard, that Fierabras, your son, who was the very best knight in the whole world, has been overcome and taken prisoner?" " 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 4 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 Is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 6 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 as as SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 10 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 11 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 det _ _ 15 Fierabras Fierabras PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 nsubj:pass _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 20 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 21 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 23 very very ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 24 best good ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 25 amod _ _ 25 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 appos _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 31 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 overcome overcome VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 ccomp _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 conj _ _ 36 prisoner prisoner NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ? ? PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 38 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 39 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Admiral | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | chieftain | | | | | true *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **hear** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Admiral | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | your son | the best knight | | the whole world | | | tree rules | | 5 | **overcome** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive | | that Fierabras | | | | | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 6 | **take** *in a quote* | participle | | prisoner | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/22/1/) - next →: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/22/3/) - ↑ back to [Of the Doings of the French Knights](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/22/)