---
title: Now the Admiral had lighted in a ditch, and now began to cry to his… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the Admiral had lighted in a ditch, and now began to cry to his men that they should draw him out. Who acts: gates. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of the French Knights, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of the French Knights, sentence 54

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Now the Admiral had lighted in a ditch, and now began to cry to his men that they should draw him out.

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**Who acts:** gates · **What happens:** light, begin, cry, draw out · **To what, where:** Admiral, ditch, men

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of the French Knights. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:22:54
# text = Now the Admiral had lighted in a ditch, and now began to cry to his men that they should draw him out.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Admiral	admiral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	lighted	light	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ditch	ditch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
12	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	cry	cry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	draw	draw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	out	out	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **light** | past · perfect · passive |  | the Admiral |  | a ditch | now |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **begin** | past |  |  |  |  | now |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **cry** *speech: express* | to-infinitive |  |  | Admiral's men |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to man=Recipient |
| 4 | **draw out** | should | gates *= gate* | Admiral |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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