---
title: Moreover, the Saracens, when they saw the gold, left off fighting ag… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Moreover, the Saracens, when they saw the gold, left off fighting against the French, and began to slay each other. Who acts: Saracens. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Guy of Burgundy, sentence 109

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Moreover, the Saracens, when they saw the gold, left off fighting against the French, and began to slay each other.

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**Who acts:** Saracens · **What happens:** see, leave off, fight, begin, slay · **To what, where:** gold, each

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:23:109
# text = Moreover, the Saracens, when they saw the gold, left off fighting against the French, and began to slay each other.
1	Moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Saracens	Saracen	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	off	off	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	xcomp	_	_
15	against	against	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	22	obj	_	_
24	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the Saracens | the gold |  |  |  | Lords *= lord* *nsubj*; moreover *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer gold=Stimulus |
| 2 | **leave off** | past | the Saracens *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fight** | gerund | the Saracens *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against the French | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **begin** | past | the Saracens *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **slay** | to-infinitive | the Saracens *not said here* | each |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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