--- title: And Roland said to them, "Let us now keep together as much as may be… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: And Roland said to them, "Let us now keep together as much as may be, and be ready to help each other as each may be in need, for otherwise we shall hardly win back to this place, for we are but ten in number, and they are many." Who acts: Roland, we, horses. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/23/51/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [Of Guy of Burgundy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/23/) / 51 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Guy of Burgundy, sentence 51 And Roland said to them, "Let us now keep together as much as may be, and be ready to help each other as each may be in need, for otherwise we shall hardly win back to this place, for we are but ten in number, and they are many." **Who acts:** Roland, we, horses · **What happens:** say, let, keep together, be, help, win back · **To what, where:** horses, us, much, each, need, ten · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, we, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:23:51 # text = And Roland said to them, "Let us now keep together as much as may be, and be ready to help each other as each may be in need, for otherwise we shall hardly win back to this place, for we are but ten in number, and they are many." 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Roland Roland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 " " PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 8 Let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 9 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 11 advmod _ _ 11 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 advcl _ _ 12 together together ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 as as ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 obj _ _ 15 as as SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 16 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 14 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 21 cop _ _ 21 ready ready ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 help help VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 xcomp _ _ 24 each each DET DT ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp 23 obj _ _ 25 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 fixed _ _ 26 as as ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 23 obl _ _ 28 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 29 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 31 cop _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 need need NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 33 for for SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 34 otherwise otherwise ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 35 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 36 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 hardly hardly ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 win win VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 39 back back ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 40 to to ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 42 det _ _ 42 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 44 for for SCONJ IN _ 48 mark _ _ 45 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 nsubj _ _ 46 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 48 cop _ _ 47 but but CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 48 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 38 obl _ _ 49 in in ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 51 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 53 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 55 nsubj _ _ 54 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 55 cop _ _ 55 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 56 . . PUNCT . _ 55 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 57 " " PUNCT '' _ 55 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Roland | | horses *= horse* | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive | | us | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme | | 3 | **keep together** *in a quote* | present | | much | | | now | together *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Theme | | 4 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive | Roland *not said here* | | | | | ready *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **help** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Roland *not said here* | each | | | | as each | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Beneficiary | | 6 | **is** *in a quote* | may | | | | need | | | tree rules | | 7 | **win back** *in a quote* | shall | we | | | | | to this place; hardly, otherwise *property* | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | we | ten | | number | | | tree rules | | 9 | **is** *in a quote* | present | horses *= horse* | | | | | many *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/23/50/) - next →: [sentence 52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/23/52/) - ↑ back to [Of Guy of Burgundy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/23/)