---
title: When the Saracens that lay in ambush saw this, they rose up from the… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Saracens that lay in ambush saw this, they rose up from the place where they lay hid, a certain Conifer, a pagan of marvellous strength, being their leader. Who acts: Saracens, Frenchmen. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Guy of Burgundy, sentence 60

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When the Saracens that lay in ambush saw this, they rose up from the place where they lay hid, a certain Conifer, a pagan of marvellous strength, being their leader.

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**Who acts:** Saracens, Frenchmen · **What happens:** lay, see, rise up, hide, be · **To what, where:** ambush, this, leader, place

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracens, Frenchmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:23:60
# text = When the Saracens that lay in ambush saw this, they rose up from the place where they lay hid, a certain Conifer, a pagan of marvellous strength, being their leader.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Saracens	saracen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ambush	ambush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
9	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	csubj	_	_
13	up	up	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
17	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	19	advmod	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	Conifer	Conifer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	pagan	pagan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	marvellous	marvellous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	cop	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | the Saracens |  |  | ambush |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in ambush=Destination |
| 2 | **see** | past | the Saracens | this |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 3 | **rise up** | past | Frenchmen *= frenchman* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **lay** | present | Frenchmen *= frenchman* |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **hide** | past | Frenchmen *= frenchman* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | gerund |  | Frenchmen's leader |  |  |  | Frenchmen *= frenchman* *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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