---
title: But this was not easily done, for all the Saracens that had lain in… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: But this was not easily done, for all the Saracens that had lain in ambush were coming upon them, and they were sore pressed. Who acts: Saracens, horses. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy, with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Guy of Burgundy, sentence 69

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But this was not easily done, for all the Saracens that had lain in ambush were coming upon them, and they were sore pressed.

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**Who acts:** Saracens, horses · **What happens:** not do, lie, come, be, press · **To what, where:** this, ambush

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracens, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:23:69
# text = But this was not easily done, for all the Saracens that had lain in ambush were coming upon them, and they were sore pressed.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Saracens	saracen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	lain	lie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	ambush	ambush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	acl:relcl	_	_
19	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	_
26	pressed	press	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **do** | past · passive |  | this |  |  |  | for all Saracens; easily *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **lie** | past · perfect | all Saracens |  |  | ambush |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in ambush=Location |
| 3 | **come** | past · progressive | all Saracens *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon horses *= horse* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location |
| 4 | **is** | past | horses *= horse* |  |  |  |  | sore *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **press** | participle | horses *= horse* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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