---
title: And when he had made all things ready, he discharged out of his engi… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when he had made all things ready, he discharged out of his engines against the walls a fire so marvellous that the very stones began to burn. Who acts: knight, stones. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy, with its depen
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Guy of Burgundy, sentence 92

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And when he had made all things ready, he discharged out of his engines against the walls a fire so marvellous that the very stones began to burn.

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**Who acts:** knight, stones · **What happens:** make, discharge, begin, burn · **To what, where:** engines

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Guy of Burgundy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, stones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:23:92
# text = And when he had made all things ready, he discharged out of his engines against the walls a fire so marvellous that the very stones began to burn.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	discharged	discharge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	engines	engine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
16	against	against	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	marvellous	marvellous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
23	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	very	very	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
27	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · perfect | knight |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **discharge** | past | knight |  |  | knight's engines against the walls and a fire |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent out engine=Source |
| 3 | **begin** | past | the stones |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **burn** | to-infinitive | the stones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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