--- title: Scarcely had the army set forth, when King Charles, chancing to cast… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: Scarcely had the army set forth, when King Charles, chancing to cast his eyes eastward, saw one on horseback, with a sword drawn in his hand, that was riding with all the speed to which he could put his horse. Who acts: Scarcely, army, Charles, that. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/119/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [Of Richard of Normandy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/) / 119 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 119 Scarcely had the army set forth, when King Charles, chancing to cast his eyes eastward, saw one on horseback, with a sword drawn in his hand, that was riding with all the speed to which he could put his horse. **Who acts:** Scarcely, army, Charles, that · **What happens:** have, set, chance, cast, see, draw · **To what, where:** eyes, one, horseback, sword, hand, horse This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scarcely, army, Charles, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:24:119 # text = Scarcely had the army set forth, when King Charles, chancing to cast his eyes eastward, saw one on horseback, with a sword drawn in his hand, that was riding with all the speed to which he could put his horse. 1 Scarcely Scarcely PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 army army NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 set set VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 6 forth forth ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 8 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 12 advmod _ _ 9 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod:desc _ _ 10 Charles Charles PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 chancing chance VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 cast cast VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 xcomp _ _ 15 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 eastward eastward ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 20 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 19 obj _ _ 21 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 horseback horseback NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 with with ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 27 drawn draw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 acl _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 nsubj _ _ 33 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 riding ride VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 advcl _ _ 35 with with ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 38 det:predet _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 speed speed NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 43 obl _ _ 41 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 42 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 43 aux _ _ 43 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 acl:relcl _ _ 44 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | past | Scarcely | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **set** | past | the army | | | | | forth *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **chance** | gerund | Charles King | | | | | | vn risk-94-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **cast** | to-infinitive | Charles King *not said here* | King's eyes | | | | eastward *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Product | | 5 | **see** | past | | one | | horseback | | a sword *conj* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | | 6 | **draw** | participle | | a sword *not said here* | | King's hand | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in hand=Destination | | 7 | **ride** | past · progressive | that | | | | | with all speed | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **put** | could | Charles | | King's horse | | | to all speed | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent horse=Goal | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 118](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/118/) - next →: [sentence 120](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/120/) - ↑ back to [Of Richard of Normandy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/)