--- title: At last Richard of Normandy spake thus: "My lords, you know that I a… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: At last Richard of Normandy spake thus: "My lords, you know that I am nobly born, and that I have a son of full age to bear arms, and fit to stand in my place. Who acts: you, Duke Naymes. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Norma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [Of Richard of Normandy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/) / 15 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 15 At last Richard of Normandy spake thus: "My lords, you know that I am nobly born, and that I have a son of full age to bear arms, and fit to stand in my place. **Who acts:** you, Duke Naymes · **What happens:** know, bear, have, fit, stand · **To what, where:** last Richard, Duke Naymes, son, arms, place · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Duke Naymes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:24:15 # text = At last Richard of Normandy spake thus: "My lords, you know that I am nobly born, and that I have a son of full age to bear arms, and fit to stand in my place. 1 At at ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 Richard Richard PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 Normandy Normandy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 spake speak NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 7 thus thus ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 8 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 9 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 lords lord NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 13 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 that that SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 16 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj:pass _ _ 17 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux:pass _ _ 18 nobly nobly ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 that that SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 23 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 bear bear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 advcl _ _ 32 arms arm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 fit fit VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 36 to to PART TO _ 37 mark _ _ 37 stand stand VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 xcomp _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** *in a quote* | present | you | | | last Richard of Normandy spake and My lords | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **bear** *in a quote* | present · passive | | the Duke Naymes *= naymes* | | | | nobly *property* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 3 | **have** *in a quote* | present | the Duke Naymes *= naymes* | a son of full age | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | | 4 | **bear** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the Duke Naymes *= naymes* *not said here* | arms | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient | | 5 | **fit** *in a quote* | present | you *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **stand** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | | | my place | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/14/) - next →: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/16/) - ↑ back to [Of Richard of Normandy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/)