---
title: Duke Richard spoke him fair, "What trespass have I done? — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Duke Richard spoke him fair, "What trespass have I done? Who acts: Duke, trespass. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/38/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [Of Richard of Normandy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/) / 38

# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 38

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Duke Richard spoke him fair, "What trespass have I done?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Duke, trespass · **What happens:** speak, do · **To what, where:** King · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, trespass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:24:38
# text = Duke Richard spoke him fair, "What trespass have I done?
1	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	9	det	_	_
9	trespass	trespass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Duke | King |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** *in a quote* | present · perfect | what trespass |  |  |  |  | I *nsubj* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/37/)
- next →: [sentence 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/39/)
- ↑ back to [Of Richard of Normandy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/)