---
title: They have done him great damage, holding his chief Tower, and therei… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: They have done him great damage, holding his chief Tower, and therein his gods and Floripas his daughter, and have slain many of his servants. Who acts: horses. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy, with its dependency tr
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 75

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They have done him great damage, holding his chief Tower, and therein his gods and Floripas his daughter, and have slain many of his servants.

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**Who acts:** horses · **What happens:** do, hold, slay · **To what, where:** man, chief, many

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:24:75
# text = They have done him great damage, holding his chief Tower, and therein his gods and Floripas his daughter, and have slain many of his servants.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	Tower	Tower	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	Floripas	Floripas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
25	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · perfect | horses *= horse* | man |  |  |  | man's gods and Floripas and man's daughter *obl*; great damage *obj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund | horses *= horse* *not said here* | man's chief |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chief=Theme |
| 3 | **slay** | present · perfect | horses *= horse* *not said here* | many of man's servants |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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