---
title: But Duke Thierry was ill-content with such counsel, "We are shut in… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: But Duke Thierry was ill-content with such counsel, "We are shut in here, my lords," said he, "and our happiness must be but brief. Who acts: Duke, ill content, happiness. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy, with its de
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 8

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But Duke Thierry was ill-content with such counsel, "We are shut in here, my lords," said he, "and our happiness must be but brief.

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**Who acts:** Duke, ill content, happiness · **What happens:** be, shut, say · **To what, where:** ill content, We · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, ill content, happiness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:24:8
# text = But Duke Thierry was ill-content with such counsel, "We are shut in here, my lords," said he, "and our happiness must be but brief.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	Thierry	Thierry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	content	content	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	counsel	counsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	shut	shut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	lords	lord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
23	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
26	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
28	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	happiness	happiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
30	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
32	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	brief	brief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Duke | ill content |  |  |  | with such counsel | tree rules |
| 2 | **shut** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | We |  |  |  | my lords *obl* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | ill content |  |  |  |  | Duke *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **be** *in a quote* | must | our happiness |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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