---
title: Duke Richard was ill content to hear such boasting, and, turning him… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Duke Richard was ill content to hear such boasting, and, turning himself quickly, came upon him unawares and smote him so grievously that he fell dead to the earth. Who acts: Duke Richard, ill content, Richard. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Chur
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 85

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Duke Richard was ill content to hear such boasting, and, turning himself quickly, came upon him unawares and smote him so grievously that he fell dead to the earth.

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**Who acts:** Duke Richard, ill content, Richard · **What happens:** be, hear, turn, come, smote, fall · **To what, where:** ill content, such boasting, Richard, unawares

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke Richard, ill content, Richard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:24:85
# text = Duke Richard was ill content to hear such boasting, and, turning himself quickly, came upon him unawares and smote him so grievously that he fell dead to the earth.
1	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	content	content	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	boasting	boasting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
14	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	obj	_	_
15	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
18	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	unawares	unaware	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	smote	smote	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	grievously	grievously	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
29	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	xcomp	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Duke Richard | ill content |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive |  | such boasting |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer boasting=Stimulus |
| 3 | **turn** | gerund | ill content *not said here* | Richard |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 4 | **come** | past |  | unawares |  |  |  | upon Richard | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon he=Location |
| 5 | **smote** | infinitive |  | Richard |  |  |  | grievously *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **fall** | past | Richard |  |  |  |  | to the earth; dead *property* | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to earth=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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