--- title: When King Charles and his men had hidden themselves in a wood that w… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: When King Charles and his men had hidden themselves in a wood that was hard by, Duke Richard and his company came to the bridge, driving pack-horses before them, laden, as has been said, with false merchandise. Who acts: wood. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/25/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/25/) / 1 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won, sentence 1 When King Charles and his men had hidden themselves in a wood that was hard by, Duke Richard and his company came to the bridge, driving pack-horses before them, laden, as has been said, with false merchandise. **Who acts:** wood · **What happens:** hide, be, come, drive, lade, say · **To what, where:** Charles, wood, bridge, pack horses · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:25:1 # text = When King Charles and his men had hidden themselves in a wood that was hard by, Duke Richard and his company came to the bridge, driving pack-horses before them, laden, as has been said, with false merchandise. 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 8 mark _ _ 2 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:desc _ _ 3 Charles Charles PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 7 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 hidden hide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 advcl _ _ 9 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 8 obj _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 nsubj _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 hard hard ADV RB Degree=Pos 12 acl:relcl _ _ 16 by by ADP IN _ 19 case _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 18 Duke Duke PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 Richard Richard PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 company company NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 23 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 bridge bridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 driving drive VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 advcl _ _ 29 pack pack NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 30 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 29 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 31 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 32 before before ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 35 laden lade VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 37 as as SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 38 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 39 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 40 aux:pass _ _ 40 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 false false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 merchandise merchandise NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 23 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hide** | past · perfect · passive | | Charles King and King's men | | a wood | | | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | past | a wood | | | | | hard *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **come** | past | | | | the bridge | | by Duke Richard and King's company | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to bridge=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **drive** | gerund | | pack horses | | | before Charles | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent horse=Theme before they=Destination | | 5 | **lade** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect · passive | | | | | | false merchandise *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [Of Richard of Normandy, 137](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/137/) - next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/25/2/) - ↑ back to [How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/25/)