---
title: Gallafer answered, "Know now that I am appointed by the Admiral of S… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Gallafer answered, "Know now that I am appointed by the Admiral of Spain to be keeper of this bridge. Who acts: Gallafer, Admiral. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won, sentence 15

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Gallafer answered, "Know now that I am appointed by the Admiral of Spain to be keeper of this bridge.

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**Who acts:** Gallafer, Admiral · **What happens:** answer, know, appoint, be · **To what, where:** Gallafer, keeper · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gallafer, Admiral), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:25:15
# text = Gallafer answered, "Know now that I am appointed by the Admiral of Spain to be keeper of this bridge.
1	Gallafer	Gallafer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Admiral	admiral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	cop	_	_
18	keeper	keeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	advcl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Gallafer |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  | now |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **appoint** *in a quote* | present · passive | the Admiral of Spain | Gallafer |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the Admiral of Spain *not said here* | keeper |  |  |  | of this bridge | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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