---
title: Then said Duke Reyner, "What shall we do with this giant, for a swor… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said Duke Reyner, "What shall we do with this giant, for a sword avails nothing against him?" Who acts: Duke, we. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won, sentence 31

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Then said Duke Reyner, "What shall we do with this giant, for a sword avails nothing against him?"

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**Who acts:** Duke, we · **What happens:** say, do, avail · **To what, where:** nothing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:25:31
# text = Then said Duke Reyner, "What shall we do with this giant, for a sword avails nothing against him?"
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	Reyner	Reyner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	obj	_	_
8	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
11	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	nsubj	_	_
13	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
18	avails	avail	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
19	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	18	obj	_	_
20	against	against	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Duke |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *in a quote* | shall | we |  |  |  |  | What *obj* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 3 | **avail** *in a quote* | present | we *not said here* | nothing |  |  |  | for a sword; against Duke | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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