---
title: Take this sword," he said; "no man has a better. — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Take this sword," he said; "no man has a better. Who acts: you, Valdabrun, man. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Treason of Ganelon, sentence 120

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Take this sword," he said; "no man has a better.

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**Who acts:** you, Valdabrun, man · **What happens:** take, say, have · **To what, where:** sword, better · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Valdabrun, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:28:120
# text = Take this sword," he said; "no man has a better.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | this sword |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent sword=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Valdabrun |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | present | no man | a better |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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