---
title: He has conquered Italy, and New Rome and Germany, and is ready to la… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: He has conquered Italy, and New Rome and Germany, and is ready to lay his hands on England. Who acts: Saracen. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [The Treason of Ganelon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/) / 3

# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Treason of Ganelon, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He has conquered Italy, and New Rome and Germany, and is ready to lay his hands on England.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Saracen · **What happens:** conquer, be, lay · **To what, where:** Italy, hands, England

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:28:3
# text = He has conquered Italy, and New Rome and Germany, and is ready to lay his hands on England.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	conquered	conquer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	New	New	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conquer** | present · perfect | Saracen | Italy |  |  |  | New Rome and Germany *parataxis* | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent italy=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | Saracen *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lay** | to-infinitive | Saracen *not said here* | Saracen's hands |  | England |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on england=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/2/)
- next →: [sentence 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/4/)
- ↑ back to [The Treason of Ganelon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/)