---
title: Then Ganelon spoke the same words as before, and when he had ended t… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Ganelon spoke the same words as before, and when he had ended them, he gave King Charles's letter into the King's hand. Who acts: Ganelon, Charles. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Treason of Ganelon, sentence 61

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Then Ganelon spoke the same words as before, and when he had ended them, he gave King Charles's letter into the King's hand.

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**Who acts:** Ganelon, Charles · **What happens:** speak, end, give, letter · **To what, where:** same words, chiefs, letter, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ganelon, Charles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:28:61
# text = Then Ganelon spoke the same words as before, and when he had ended them, he gave King Charles's letter into the King's hand.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Ganelon	Ganelon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	before	before	ADV	RB	_	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	14	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	ended	end	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod:desc	_	_
20	Charles	Charles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	's	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
23	into	into	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	's	's	PART	POS	_	25	case	_	_
27	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Ganelon | the same words |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **end** | past · perfect | Ganelon | chiefs *= chief* |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector they=Eventuality |
| 3 | **give** | past | Ganelon | Charles  King's letter |  | the King's hand |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme |
| 4 | **letter** |  | Charles  King |  |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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