--- title: So when he had broken the seal of the letter, he read it from end to… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: So when he had broken the seal of the letter, he read it from end to end; and having read it, the tears came into his eyes with rage, and he pulled his beard, and cried with a loud voice, "Listen, my lords, to this foolishness. Who acts: King, tears. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/63/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [The Treason of Ganelon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/) / 63 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Treason of Ganelon, sentence 63 So when he had broken the seal of the letter, he read it from end to end; and having read it, the tears came into his eyes with rage, and he pulled his beard, and cried with a loud voice, "Listen, my lords, to this foolishness. **Who acts:** King, tears · **What happens:** break, read, come, pull, cry, listen · **To what, where:** seal, end, eyes, beard, lords · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:28:63 # text = So when he had broken the seal of the letter, he read it from end to end; and having read it, the tears came into his eyes with rage, and he pulled his beard, and cried with a loud voice, "Listen, my lords, to this foolishness. 1 So so ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 2 when when SCONJ WRB _ 5 mark _ _ 3 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 4 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 broken break VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 seal seal NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 read read VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 having have AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 22 aux _ _ 22 read read VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 tears tear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 28 into into ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 31 with with ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 rage rage NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 pulled pull VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 37 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 beard beard NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 41 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 parataxis _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 43 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 loud loud ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 " " PUNCT `` _ 48 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 48 Listen listen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 50 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 51 nmod:poss _ _ 51 lords lord NOUN NNS Number=Plur 48 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 52 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 53 to to ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 55 det _ _ 55 foolishness foolishness NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 56 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **break** | past · perfect | King | the seal of the letter | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer seal=Patient | | 2 | **read** | past | King | seal | end | | to end | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Topic to end=Recipient | | 3 | **read** | gerund | | seal | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | | 4 | **come** | past | the tears | | | King's eyes with rage | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into eye=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **pull** | past | King | King's beard | | | | | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beard=Theme | | 6 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | | | | | | with a loud voice | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with voice=Theme | | 7 | **listen** *in a quote* | infinitive | | my lords | | | | to this foolishness | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to foolishness=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 62](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/62/) - next →: [sentence 64](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/64/) - ↑ back to [The Treason of Ganelon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/)