---
title: After the bear there came a leopard from the Ardennes, which made as… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: After the bear there came a leopard from the Ardennes, which made as if it would attack him. Who acts: leopard, Ardennes. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Plot Against Roland, sentence 17

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After the bear there came a leopard from the Ardennes, which made as if it would attack him.

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**Who acts:** leopard, Ardennes · **What happens:** come, make, attack · **To what, where:** Ardennes, bear

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leopard, Ardennes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:29:17
# text = After the bear there came a leopard from the Ardennes, which made as if it would attack him.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	leopard	leopard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Ardennes	Ardennes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	attack	attack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a leopard |  |  | the Ardennes; there | after the bear |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from ardennes=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **make** | past | the Ardennes |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **attack** | would | leopard | bear |  |  |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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