---
title: First the greyhound laid hold of the bear by the right ear, and then… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: First the greyhound laid hold of the bear by the right ear, and then it assailed the leopard furiously. "' Who acts: greyhound, hold. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Plot Against Roland, sentence 19

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First the greyhound laid hold of the bear by the right ear, and then it assailed the leopard furiously. "'

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**Who acts:** greyhound, hold · **What happens:** lay, assail, hold · **To what, where:** hold, leopard, bear

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (greyhound, hold), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:29:19
# text = First the greyhound laid hold of the bear by the right ear, and then it assailed the leopard furiously. "'
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	greyhound	greyhound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	assailed	assail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	leopard	leopard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	furiously	furiously	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | the greyhound | hold of the bear |  |  |  | by the right ear; first *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hold=Theme by ear=Destination |
| 2 | **assail** | past | hold | the leopard |  |  | then | furiously *property* | vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leopard=Patient |
| 3 | **hold** |  |  | the bear |  |  |  |  | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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