---
title: The Saracen champions donned their coats of mail, of double substanc… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Saracen champions donned their coats of mail, of double substance most of them, and they set upon their heads helmets of Saragossa of well-tempered metal, and they girded themselves with swords of Vienna. Who acts: Saracen champions, champions. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelv
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Plot Against Roland, sentence 81

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The Saracen champions donned their coats of mail, of double substance most of them, and they set upon their heads helmets of Saragossa of well-tempered metal, and they girded themselves with swords of Vienna.

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**Who acts:** Saracen champions, champions · **What happens:** don, set, temper, gird · **To what, where:** coats, heads helmets, champions

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Plot Against Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracen champions, champions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:29:81
# text = The Saracen champions donned their coats of mail, of double substance most of them, and they set upon their heads helmets of Saragossa of well-tempered metal, and they girded themselves with swords of Vienna.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Saracen	Saracen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	champions	champion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	donned	don	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	coats	coat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	mail	mail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
13	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	12	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	set	set	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
20	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	compound	_	_
23	helmets	helmet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Saragossa	Saragossa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
27	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	tempered	temper	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	amod	_	_
30	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	girded	gird	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
35	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	34	obj	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Vienna	Vienna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **don** | past | the Saracen champions | champions's coats of mail |  |  |  | of double substance  most of coats | vn simple\_dressing-41.3.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Theme |
| 2 | **set** | present | champions *= champion* |  |  | heads helmets of Saragossa of tempered metal |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent upon helmet=Destination |
| 3 | **temper** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **gird** | past | champions *= champion* | champions *= champion* |  |  |  | with swords of Vienna | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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