---
title: Said the Duke, "I am not fallen so low that I should follow such cou… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Said the Duke, "I am not fallen so low that I should follow such counsel. Who acts: Duke. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Slaying of Lothair, sentence 27

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Said the Duke, "I am not fallen so low that I should follow such counsel.

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**Who acts:** Duke · **What happens:** say, not fall, follow · **To what, where:** Duke, such counsel · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:3:27
# text = Said the Duke, "I am not fallen so low that I should follow such counsel.
1	Said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
16	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	counsel	counsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Duke |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **fall** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | the Duke *= duke* |  |  |  | low *property* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 3 | **follow** *in a quote* | should | the Duke *= duke* | such counsel |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent counsel=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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