---
title: I fear me much," he said to his lords, "lest some evil have befallen… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: I fear me much," he said to his lords, "lest some evil have befallen my son, for this Duke Benes is a savage man and a cruel." Who acts: I, Paris, evil, this. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair, with its dependency tree
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Slaying of Lothair, sentence 77

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I fear me much," he said to his lords, "lest some evil have befallen my son, for this Duke Benes is a savage man and a cruel."

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**Who acts:** I, Paris, evil, this · **What happens:** fear, say, befall, be · **To what, where:** me, son, savage man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Paris, evil, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:3:77
# text = I fear me much," he said to his lords, "lest some evil have befallen my son, for this Duke Benes is a savage man and a cruel."
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fear	fear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	much	much	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	lords	lord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
16	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	nsubj	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	befallen	befall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
19	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
22	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
23	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	29	nsubj	_	_
24	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	Benes	Benes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	savage	savage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fear** | present | I | me |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Paris |  |  |  |  | to Paris's lords | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to lord=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 3 | **befall** | present · perfect | some evil | my son |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present | this | a savage man |  |  |  | Duke Benes *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | this *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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