---
title: Reynaud, it should be known, had a very noble horse, Bayard by name,… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Reynaud, it should be known, had a very noble horse, Bayard by name, that had been given him by his cousin Mawgis. Who acts: Reynaud, cousin. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Slaying of Lothair, sentence 86

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reynaud, it should be known, had a very noble horse, Bayard by name, that had been given him by his cousin Mawgis.

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**Who acts:** Reynaud, cousin · **What happens:** know, have, give · **To what, where:** goodness, noble horse, Bayard, horse

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Reynaud, cousin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:3:86
# text = Reynaud, it should be known, had a very noble horse, Bayard by name, that had been given him by his cousin Mawgis.
1	Reynaud	Reynaud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Bayard	bayard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obj	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	iobj	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	Mawgis	Mawgis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | should · passive |  | goodness |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | past | Reynaud | a noble horse |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient |
| 3 | **give** | past · perfect · passive | King's cousin | Bayard by name | horse |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient that=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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