---
title: Never has King of France gained any so rich." — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Never has King of France gained any so rich." Who acts: King. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Heathen and the French Prepared For Battle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Heathen and the French Prepared For Battle, sentence 56

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Never has King of France gained any so rich."

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**Who acts:** King · **What happens:** not have, gain · **To what, where:** any

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Heathen and the French Prepared For Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:30:56
# text = Never has King of France gained any so rich."
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	gained	gain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **gain** | past | King of France | any |  |  |  | rich *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent any=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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