---
title: Said Roland to Oliver, "Comrade, see Engelier the Gascon is slain; w… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Said Roland to Oliver, "Comrade, see Engelier the Gascon is slain; we had no braver knight in the host." " Who acts: Roland, we. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Battle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Battle, sentence 110

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Said Roland to Oliver, "Comrade, see Engelier the Gascon is slain; we had no braver knight in the host." "

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**Who acts:** Roland, we · **What happens:** say, see, slay, have · **To what, where:** Oliver, Engelier, Gascon, braver knight, host · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:31:110
# text = Said Roland to Oliver, "Comrade, see Engelier the Gascon is slain; we had no braver knight in the host." "
1	Said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	Roland	Roland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Oliver	Oliver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Comrade	comrade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
10	Engelier	Engelier	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Gascon	gascon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
18	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	20	det	_	_
19	braver	brave	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
20	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
26	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Roland |  | Oliver |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to oliver=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **see** *in a quote* | infinitive | Roland *not said here* | Engelier |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **slay** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | the Gascon |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **have** *in a quote* | past | we | no braver knight |  | the host |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knight=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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