---
title: Never priest that sang mass was so sturdy a warrior as he. — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Never priest that sang mass was so sturdy a warrior as he. Who acts: priest. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Battle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Battle, sentence 128

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Never priest that sang mass was so sturdy a warrior as he.

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**Who acts:** priest · **What happens:** sing, not be · **To what, where:** mass

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (priest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:31:128
# text = Never priest that sang mass was so sturdy a warrior as he.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
2	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	warrior	warrior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | priest | mass |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mass=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | past | priest |  |  |  |  | a warrior as warrior *nsubj*; sturdy *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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