---
title: Valiantly he held up the battle, and with him Oliver, and Turpin the… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Valiantly he held up the battle, and with him Oliver, and Turpin the Archbishop, and others also; but the lines of the men of France were broken, and their armour thrust through, and their spears shivered, and their flags trodden in the dust. Who acts: King, armour thrust, lines. A sentence of «Stor
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/31/66/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [The Battle](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/31/) / 66

# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Battle, sentence 66

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Valiantly he held up the battle, and with him Oliver, and Turpin the Archbishop, and others also; but the lines of the men of France were broken, and their armour thrust through, and their spears shivered, and their flags trodden in the dust.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** King, armour thrust, lines · **What happens:** hold up, break, shiver, tread, thrust · **To what, where:** battle, lines, flags, dust

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, armour thrust, lines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:31:66
# text = Valiantly he held up the battle, and with him Oliver, and Turpin the Archbishop, and others also; but the lines of the men of France were broken, and their armour thrust through, and their spears shivered, and their flags trodden in the dust.
1	Valiantly	valiantly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	Oliver	Oliver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	Turpin	Turpin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Archbishop	Archbishop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
20	also	also	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
34	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
35	armour	armour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	thrust	thrust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
37	through	through	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
40	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	_
42	shivered	shiver	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obl	_	_
47	trodden	tread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	46	acl	_	_
48	in	in	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold up** | past | King | the battle |  |  |  | with Oliver  King  others and Turpin; valiantly *property* | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent battle=Theme with oliver=Instrument |
| 2 | **break** | past · passive |  | the lines of the men of France |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **shiver** | participle | lines's armour thrust and lines's spears | lines's flags |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **tread** | participle |  | lines's flags *not said here* |  | the dust |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dust=Trajectory |
| 5 | **thrust** |  | lines *= line* |  |  |  |  |  | nom thrust «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 65](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/31/65/)
- next →: [sentence 67](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/31/67/)
- ↑ back to [The Battle](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/31/)