---
title: Three valiant men of war they were; fast and firm they stood one by… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Three valiant men of war they were; fast and firm they stood one by the other; hundreds there were of the heathen, but they dared not come near to the three valiant champions of France. Who acts: Three valiant men, men. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Archbishop Turpin Died, sentence 22

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Three valiant men of war they were; fast and firm they stood one by the other; hundreds there were of the heathen, but they dared not come near to the three valiant champions of France.

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**Who acts:** Three valiant men, men · **What happens:** stand, come · **To what, where:** one, three valiant champions

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Archbishop Turpin Died. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Three valiant men, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:34:22
# text = Three valiant men of war they were; fast and firm they stood one by the other; hundreds there were of the heathen, but they dared not come near to the three valiant champions of France.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
2	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	parataxis	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	obj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
19	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	heathen	heathen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
28	dared	dare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
30	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	parataxis	_	_
31	near	near	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
34	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	36	nummod	_	_
35	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	champions	champion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | Three valiant men of war | one |  |  |  | by the other; hundreds *obl*; men *= man* *nsubj* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent one=Theme by other=Destination |
| 2 | **come** | past | men *= man* |  |  | the three valiant champions of France |  | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to champion=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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