---
title: Then said Roland to Turpin, "I am on horseback and you are on foot. — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said Roland to Turpin, "I am on horseback and you are on foot. Who acts: Roland, Turpin. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Archbishop Turpin Died, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Archbishop Turpin Died, sentence 42

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Then said Roland to Turpin, "I am on horseback and you are on foot.

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**Who acts:** Roland, Turpin · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** Turpin, horseback, foot · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Archbishop Turpin Died. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, Turpin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:34:42
# text = Then said Roland to Turpin, "I am on horseback and you are on foot.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Roland	Roland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Turpin	Turpin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	horseback	horseback	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Roland |  | Turpin |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to turpin=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Roland |  |  | horseback and foot |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Turpin |  |  | foot |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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