---
title: The steel he brake through and the head beneath, and laid the man de… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: The steel he brake through and the head beneath, and laid the man dead at his feet. " Who acts: steel. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Death of Roland, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Death of Roland, sentence 12

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The steel he brake through and the head beneath, and laid the man dead at his feet. "

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**Who acts:** steel · **What happens:** break through, lay · **To what, where:** man, feet

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Death of Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (steel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:35:12
# text = The steel he brake through and the head beneath, and laid the man dead at his feet. "
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	steel	steel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	brake	break	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	beneath	beneath	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break through** | present | the steel |  |  |  |  | Roland *nsubj*; the head *conj*; beneath, through *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **lay** | past |  | the man |  | Roland's feet |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent man=Theme at foot=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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