---
title: In one hand he took his horn, and in the other his good sword Durend… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: In one hand he took his horn, and in the other his good sword Durendal, and made his way the distance of a furlong or so till he came to a plain, and in the midst of the plain a little hill. Who acts: Roland. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Death of Roland, sentence 2

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In one hand he took his horn, and in the other his good sword Durendal, and made his way the distance of a furlong or so till he came to a plain, and in the midst of the plain a little hill.

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**Who acts:** Roland · **What happens:** take, make, come · **To what, where:** horn, one hand, way, plain

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Death of Roland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:35:2
# text = In one hand he took his horn, and in the other his good sword Durendal, and made his way the distance of a furlong or so till he came to a plain, and in the midst of the plain a little hill.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
16	Durendal	Durendal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	furlong	furlong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
28	so	so	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
29	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
43	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Roland | Roland's horn |  | one hand |  | a little hill in the midst of the plain *obl*; Roland's other good sword *obj* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument horn=Theme sword=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | past | Roland *not said here* | Roland's way |  |  |  | the distance of a furlong *obj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset way=Beneficiary distance=Product |
| 3 | **come** | past | Roland |  |  | a plain |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to plain=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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