---
title: The Duke yet clung with one arm to the neck of his horse; if the hea… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Duke yet clung with one arm to the neck of his horse; if the heathen deal him another such blow he is lost. Who acts: Duke, heathen. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 161

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The Duke yet clung with one arm to the neck of his horse; if the heathen deal him another such blow he is lost.

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**Who acts:** Duke, heathen · **What happens:** cling, deal, lose · **To what, where:** such blow, Duke, heathen

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, heathen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:36:161
# text = The Duke yet clung with one arm to the neck of his horse; if the heathen deal him another such blow he is lost.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	clung	cling	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	heathen	heathen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	deal	deal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	det	_	_
21	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cling** | participle | the Duke |  |  |  | yet | with one arm; to the neck of Duke's horse | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme with arm=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **deal** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | the heathen | another such blow | Duke |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient blow=Theme |
| 3 | **lose** | present · passive |  | heathen |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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