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title: Many fell by the sword, and they who escaped the sword threw themsel… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Many fell by the sword, and they who escaped the sword threw themselves into the river, the river Ebro, and thus perished by drowning. Who acts: Many, Saracens, sword. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, with 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 20

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Many fell by the sword, and they who escaped the sword threw themselves into the river, the river Ebro, and thus perished by drowning.

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**Who acts:** Many, Saracens, sword · **What happens:** fall, escape, throw, perish, drown · **To what, where:** Saracens, river

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many, Saracens, sword), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:36:20
# text = Many fell by the sword, and they who escaped the sword threw themselves into the river, the river Ebro, and thus perished by drowning.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	escaped	escape	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	obj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	Ebro	Ebro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	perished	perish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
26	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
27	drowning	drown	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	25	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | Many |  |  |  |  | by the sword | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by sword=Location |
| 2 | **escape** | past | Saracens *= saracen* |  |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **throw** | past | the sword | Saracens *= saracen* |  |  |  | into the river *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer themselves=Theme into river=Result |
| 4 | **perish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **drown** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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