---
title: As for the town, none of the heathen had any thought of defending it. — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: As for the town, none of the heathen had any thought of defending it. Who acts: none, thought. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 209

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As for the town, none of the heathen had any thought of defending it.

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**Who acts:** none, thought · **What happens:** have, defend · **To what, where:** thought

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (none, thought), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:36:209
# text = As for the town, none of the heathen had any thought of defending it.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	4	case	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	10	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	heathen	heathen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	defending	defend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | none of the heathen | any thought |  |  |  | as the town | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thought=Patient |
| 2 | **defend** | gerund | any thought *not said here* | thought |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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