--- title: Then the envoys returned to the Emir, and told him all that happened… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: Then the envoys returned to the Emir, and told him all that happened--how King Charles had left Roland and the Peers to guard the passes, and how they had been slain, and what great loss King Marsilas had suffered, and how he yielded to him the whole land of Spain, and how King Charles and his men w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/95/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/) / 95 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 95 Then the envoys returned to the Emir, and told him all that happened--how King Charles had left Roland and the Peers to guard the passes, and how they had been slain, and what great loss King Marsilas had suffered, and how he yielded to him the whole land of Spain, and how King Charles and his men were in camp by the Ebro. **Who acts:** envoys, that, Charles · **What happens:** return, tell, happen, leave, guard, be · **To what, where:** Emir, Roland, passes, slain, great loss, whole land · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (envoys, that, Charles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:36:95 # text = Then the envoys returned to the Emir, and told him all that happened--how King Charles had left Roland and the Peers to guard the passes, and how they had been slain, and what great loss King Marsilas had suffered, and how he yielded to him the whole land of Spain, and how King Charles and his men were in camp by the Ebro. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 envoys envoy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 Emir Emir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 11 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 iobj _ _ 12 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 14 det:predet _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 14 happened happen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 15 -- -- PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 20 advmod _ _ 17 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod:desc _ _ 18 Charles Charles PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 19 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 left leave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 conj _ _ 21 Roland Roland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 Peers Peer PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 21 conj _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 guard guard VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 advcl _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 passes pass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 31 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 35 advmod _ _ 32 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 33 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 35 cop _ _ 35 slain slain NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 38 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 44 obj _ _ 39 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 loss loss NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nsubj:pass _ _ 41 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 42 Marsilas Marsilas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 flat _ _ 43 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 suffered suffer VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 47 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 49 advmod _ _ 48 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 49 yielded yield VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 50 to to ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 obl _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 53 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 54 amod _ _ 54 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obj _ _ 55 of of ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 56 Spain Spain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 54 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 57 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 58 and and CCONJ CC _ 67 cc _ _ 59 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 67 advmod _ _ 60 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 61 nmod:desc _ _ 61 Charles Charles PROPN NNP Number=Sing 67 nsubj _ _ 62 and and CCONJ CC _ 64 cc _ _ 63 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 64 nmod:poss _ _ 64 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 61 conj _ _ 65 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 67 cop _ _ 66 in in ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 67 camp camp NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 68 by by ADP IN _ 70 case _ _ 69 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 70 det _ _ 70 Ebro ebro NOUN NN Number=Sing 67 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 71 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **return** | past | the envoys | | | | then | to the Emir *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to emir=Result | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the envoys *not said here* | | Emir | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **happen** | past | that | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **leave** | past · perfect | Charles King | Roland and the Peers | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent roland=Theme | | 5 | **guard** | to-infinitive | Charles King *not said here* | the passes | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pass=Beneficiary | | 6 | **is a** | past · perfect | envoys *= envoy* | slain | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **suffer** | past · perfect · passive | | great loss | | | | what *obj*; King *nsubj* | tree rules | | 8 | **yield** | past | Charles | the whole land of Spain | Emir | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent land=Theme to he=Goal | | 9 | **is** | past | Charles King and Charles's men | | | camp | | by the Ebro | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 94](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/94/) - next →: [sentence 96](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/96/) - ↑ back to [How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/36/)