---
title: The King sent messengers to all parts of his dominions, bidding all… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: The King sent messengers to all parts of his dominions, bidding all the judges learned in the law come to him at his palace at Aachen. Who acts: King, judges. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Punishment of Ganelon, with its dependenc
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Punishment of Ganelon, sentence 1

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The King sent messengers to all parts of his dominions, bidding all the judges learned in the law come to him at his palace at Aachen.

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**Who acts:** King, judges · **What happens:** send, bid, learn, come · **To what, where:** messengers, parts, law, King, palace

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Punishment of Ganelon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, judges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:37:1
# text = The King sent messengers to all parts of his dominions, bidding all the judges learned in the law come to him at his palace at Aachen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	dominions	dominion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	bidding	bid	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Aachen	Aachen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the King | messengers |  | all parts of King's dominions |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme to part=Destination |
| 2 | **bid** | gerund | all judges *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **learn** | past | all judges |  |  | the law |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **come** | infinitive | all judges *not said here* |  | King | King's palace at Aachen |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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