---
title: This was revenge, I confess, but I affirm it was not treason." — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: This was revenge, I confess, but I affirm it was not treason." Who acts: revenge, I. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Punishment of Ganelon, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Punishment of Ganelon, sentence 18

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This was revenge, I confess, but I affirm it was not treason."

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**Who acts:** revenge, I · **What happens:** be, confess, affirm, not be · **To what, where:** revenge, treason

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Punishment of Ganelon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (revenge, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:37:18
# text = This was revenge, I confess, but I affirm it was not treason."
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	revenge	revenge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	confess	confess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	affirm	affirm	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	treason	treason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | this revenge |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **confess** | present | this revenge |  |  |  |  | I *nsubj* | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **affirm** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **not** **is a** | past | revenge | treason |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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