---
title: But first I must punish this villain Duke Benes. — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: But first I must punish this villain Duke Benes. Who acts: I. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, sentence 17

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But first I must punish this villain Duke Benes.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** punish · **To what, where:** villain

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:4:17
# text = But first I must punish this villain Duke Benes.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	punish	punish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
9	Benes	Benes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | must | I | this villain |  |  |  | first *property* | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent villain=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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