---
title: On the other side, Duke Richard of Normandy did many valiant deeds,… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: On the other side, Duke Richard of Normandy did many valiant deeds, slaying, among others, a certain knight that was Gerard's nearest friend. " Who acts: Duke Richard, certain knight. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, sentence 40

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On the other side, Duke Richard of Normandy did many valiant deeds, slaying, among others, a certain knight that was Gerard's nearest friend. "

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**Who acts:** Duke Richard, certain knight · **What happens:** do, slay, be · **To what, where:** many valiant deeds, other side, certain knight, nearest friend

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke Richard, certain knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:4:40
# text = On the other side, Duke Richard of Normandy did many valiant deeds, slaying, among others, a certain knight that was Gerard's nearest friend. "
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Normandy	Normandy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	deeds	deed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	slaying	slay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	among	among	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
24	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
25	Gerard	Gerard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	's	's	PART	POS	_	25	case	_	_
27	nearest	near	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	28	amod	_	_
28	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	_
30	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | Duke Richard of Normandy | many valiant deeds |  | the other side |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deed=Eventuality |
| 2 | **slay** | gerund | Duke Richard of Normandy *not said here* | a certain knight |  |  |  | among others | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | past | a certain knight | Gerard's nearest friend |  |  |  | Gerard *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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