--- title: To the Duke Aymon she said, "My lord, you have done ill to leave the… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: To the Duke Aymon she said, "My lord, you have done ill to leave the King without license given, for he is your natural lord, and you have received much good at his hands. Who acts: Ardennes, lord, Duke Aymon. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Churc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [How the Duke Benes Came By His End](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/) / 8 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, sentence 8 To the Duke Aymon she said, "My lord, you have done ill to leave the King without license given, for he is your natural lord, and you have received much good at his hands. **Who acts:** Ardennes, lord, Duke Aymon · **What happens:** say, do, leave, give, be, receive · **To what, where:** Duke Aymon, King, license, natural lord · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ardennes, lord, Duke Aymon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:4:8 # text = To the Duke Aymon she said, "My lord, you have done ill to leave the King without license given, for he is your natural lord, and you have received much good at his hands. 1 To to ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 Duke Duke PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 Aymon Aymon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 5 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 12 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 13 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 conj _ _ 15 ill ill ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 xcomp _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 leave leave VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 without without ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 license license NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 22 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 for for SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 25 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 27 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 28 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 received receive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 parataxis _ _ 35 much much ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 xcomp _ _ 37 at at ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ardennes | | the Duke Aymon | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to aymon=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **do** *in a quote* | present · perfect | My lord | | | | | you *nsubj*; ill *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **leave** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | My lord *not said here* | the King | | | | without license | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Theme | | 4 | **give** *in a quote* | participle | | license *not said here* | | | | | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | lord | your natural lord | | | | your *nmod:poss* | tree rules | | 6 | **receive** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the Duke Aymon *= aymon* | | | | | good *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/7/) - next →: [sentence 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/9/) - ↑ back to [How the Duke Benes Came By His End](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/)